Essay Nvqundertake Physiological Measurements - 1328 Words

James Edwards 03/04/1985 CU2698 Undertake Physiological Measurements 1. 1.1 2. Physiological state in defined as â€Å"the condition or state of the body or bodily functions†. This can be measured when we perform our observations. By measuring a patient’s respiratory rate, oxygen saturations, peak flow (in asthma patients), pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, core temperature, blood sugar, pupil reaction and Glasgow coma scale. All these combined measurement can give us an insight into the patient’s health or Physiological state. 2.1 The heart is simple a pump which forces the blood around our bodies through the pipe work we call our arteries and veins. We can measure this force on our vascular system by measuring our blood†¦show more content†¦From above you would think this was only a good thing. But unfortunately a systolic blood pressure of below 90mmHg can cause real problems. The lower you blood pressure becomes the less blood reaches our vital organs like the brain. This can cause simple symptoms such as dizziness or faints. However prolonged hypotension below 80-90mmHg can cause toxins to build up in the blood, this is because the kidneys need a certain amount of blood pressure to filter the blood properly. This can be fatal if left untreated. 2.2 Body temperature is a measurement of the body’s ability to generate or get rid of excess heat. When the body gets to hot the blood vessels near the skin dilate to carry the excess heat to your skins surface. You will also begin to sweat as the sweat evaporates this helps cool you body. When the body becomes too cold our blood vessels contract, this reduces the blood flow to the skins surface to conserve body heat. As we become colder the body can start an involuntary response called shivering. This is where the muscles of the body rapidly contract this extra muscle activity helps generate more heat. Normal body temperature is around 37 °C this is an average of normal body temperatures. Your temperature may actually be 0.6 °C above or below 37 °C depending on the outside temperature or you level of activity. Pyrexia is an elevated body temperature usually above 37.5 °C. This is one of the ways are immune system attempt to fight an infection. Usually the

Cultural Appropriation Of The United States - 1790 Words

It has become one of the leading issues especially in the United States in the past few years. In the world today, many people are witless as to what is cultural appropriation. Cultural appropriation defines as when one culture adopts an element of another culture. (Uwujaren 9/30/13) When it comes to Cultural appropriation a lot of the South Asian culture get appropriated. Being a South Asian myself I feel obligated to let people know. There are many examples of cultural appropriation today, such as henna tattoos, bindi’s, sports team names, and even clothes. These cultures or traditions have become a fad for people, especially in America. People who are within the culture tend to get offended when their culture is made into a fad. There are many arguments in newspapers, blogs, and articles that are against cultural appropriation. I, myself have come upon many posts on Tumblr.com that have to do with Cultural appropriation. Huffingtompost.com also has multiple articles on the subject. One of the cultures that has been appropriated is Henna. Henna tattoos also known as mehndi have become a sort of fashion in America for the past year. One can get henna tattoos applied anywhere at any time. Yet the majority of Americans who go to carnivals, theme parks, and rodeos have no idea where henna originates from and what it is actually meant for. â€Å"Henna tattoos originated from subcontinent India before Pakistan.† (Parmer 11/13) It is meant to be put on during happy occasions such asShow MoreRelatedCultural Appropriation From A White Perspective. Cultural927 Words   |  4 PagesCultural Appropriation from A White Perspective Cultural appropriation is, ‘the ridiculous notion that being of a different culture or race (especially white) means that you are not allowed to adopt things from other cultures† (urban dictionary). A majority of whites feel this way but that is because they do not have a full understanding of the topic. Cultural appropriation is the adoption or use of the elements of one culture by members of another culture, however cultural appropriation typicallyRead MoreCultural Appropriation646 Words   |  3 PagesBenefits of Appropriation. In a world of increasingly rampant globalization aided by advancements in transportation and technology, cultural exchange has become a daily event that spans across continents in less than a second. A product of this exchange, however, has been increasingly on the receiving end of criticism during recent years. A specific term has been commonly adopted and used to summarize this wave of disapproval: Cultural appropriation. Seen by some as a sort of cultural, exploitiveRead MoreCultural Appropriation And Its Effect On Society1640 Words   |  7 Pagesregarding race and inequality. One of these major discussions regards cultural appropriation, which is an infamous problem around Halloween. Many individuals are confused by this concept of appropriating culture simply because they cannot distinguish the line between appreciation and appropriation. Thus, these blurred lines lead to offending cultures as well as perpetuating privileges and disadvantages within society. Cultural appropriation, often defined as an â€Å"adoption of elements of one culture by membersRead MoreArguement Analysis on Cultural Appropriation597 Words   |  3 Pagescultures being incorporated into the fashions trends, movies, and in commercial use. The term, â€Å"cultural appropriation†, comes into use when discussing the problems Native Americans face in society today. It is defined as â€Å"the taking- from a culture that is not one’s own-of intellectual property, cultural expressions or artifacts, history and the ways of knowledge† (Tsosie 310). Cultural appropriation today under the liberal tradition follow these suppositions â€Å"if non-Indians want to dress up likeRead MoreCultural Appropriation in Advertising, Governments and Fashion1571 Words   |  7 PagesCULTURAL APPROPRIATION IN ADVERTISING, GOVERNMENTS AND FASHION TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS: Page LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS i. INTRODUCTION 1. CHAPTER 1: Cultural ownership- taboo. 2. CHAPTER 2: Freedom, Liberty and war inside a government. 3. CHAPTER 3: Native American for just a day. 4. CONCLUSION 5. LIST OF SOURCES 6. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE: Page Fig. 1. Howard Zieff, You don’t have to be Jewish toRead MoreEffects Of Cultural Appropriation On The Fashion Industry1316 Words   |  6 PagesJulia Raffa English 1110.01 David Winter 23 October 2015 The Effects of Cultural Appropriation in the Fashion Industry The fashion industry is one of the most prevalent and visible forms of influence on today’s society. Billboards, malls, magazines, TV, movies, advertisements, runways, etc. are filled with fashion campaigns usually distributed to make a statement and to influence the consumers. Often times, the fashion industry engages in offensive promotions like romanticizing eating less andRead MoreCultural Appropriation And Its Effects On Minority Culture948 Words   |  4 Pagesthe amount of cultural appropriation that occurs around them. Westerners are blinded by cultural mockery and cultural appropriation without realizing its offensive effects to minority groups. During the Halloween holiday, in Western culture, people of all ages dress up in a variety of costumes such as horror themed, fairy tale themed, job themed, cultural themed and much more. Harvard University members have argued that a cultural themed costume is a form of cultural appropriation. Also in WesternRead MoreAmeric The Multinational Society884 Words   |  4 PagesThe Multinational Society,† Ishmael Reed gives his readers no context for his expertise in the subject of multiculturalism, though he is black and has seen first-hand his family’s culture mixed with other cultures present in the United States. His best examples of cultural blending happening, and indeed being a positive thing, is when he compares the attitude of xenophobes to those of the actual colonial-era Puritans, who were a stunningly brutal people. Reed’s examples of the failings of other societiesRead MoreThe Importance Of Food And Food Appropriation961 Words   |  4 PagesFood and cultural appropriation: a topic that has sparked many controversies in recent years. Food and cultural appropriation is the act of taking a part of another culture other than your own and using it for your own profit. Two recent articles discuss this issue and provide different insight to how we should be handling the problem regarding food appropriation. Food editor of Uproxx.com, Steve Bramucci, with the help of three other food writers discuss a main controversy in the food world andRead MoreThe Importance Of Cultural Appropriation978 Words   |  4 PagesIn a world so cruel, one judge another in a blink of an eye. Cultural Appropriation appears to be an enormous problem, not just in America, but all around the world. Cultural Appropriation is using or taking ideas from another culture, especially without showing an understanding or respect for this culture (Young 6). According to research, it is one of the biggest â€Å"must be discussed† topics, and it does not help or benefit anyone in any type of way. It creates a massive division of cultures, and

The current business environment is characterized Free Essays

The current business environment is characterized by a considerable level of competitive rivalry and as a result, businesses have to maintain a continuous improvement process in order to build and maintain a competitive advantage. In this respect, the development of a sustainable competitive advantage is the critical success factor. However sustainability cannot be achieved unless the company determines the strategic focus. We will write a custom essay sample on The current business environment is characterized or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is why developing a system for adopting goals becomes a critical consideration. In this respect, the management has to build the right organizational culture in which group dynamics can become facilitated. Employees are the most important assets of an organization and therefore the management has to create the right working conditions which maximize employee satisfaction. For this reason, the management might have to manage change on a continuous basis. In managing change, alignment with the strategic focus has to be maintained. In this respect adopting the right goals becomes the critical consideration. The question whether group dynamics are better at adopting goals than individual decision making can be answered depending on the situation that the company is in. There is no doubt that when it comes to managing change a cross-functional project management team must be built in order to adopt the right goals. This is because all the departments that are going to be affected by the change must be represented in the project management team. However the problem with group dynamics is that the process delays decision making (http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/old/15703015.htm). One of the reasons for this delay can be groupthink in which the participants withhold views that may not conform in order to maintain membership (cited in Robbins DeCenzo, 2003). Outside of change management, in the situation in which the decision making process has to be fast, individual decision making is undoubtedly the better option. Individually, the decision maker can speed up the process of decision making because fewer issues are considered. The problem with facilitating group dynamics in decision making is that the decision making process has to be based upon consensus. This has the advantage that the suggestions that are taken into consideration are diverse. As a result, the same problem is viewed from many different perspectives. The result is a process of brainstorming that can generate a lot of valuable ideas. However, in the situation in which the question is one of adopting goals, diversity of ideas can be a hindrance because it delays the process of decision making in adopting goals. In the event that the complexity of the situation is high then group decision making can be advantageous because too many issues will be considered, thus delaying the process. Therefore in the situation in which adopting goals does not have to take too many issues into consideration, group decision making may be the best option. However in the event that the situation is complex, then the individual decision maker will be in a position to do a better job because he can exercise intuition in arriving at a decision. From the above, it is made clear that there is no specific answer as to whether group dynamics or the individual decision maker will do a better job. The effectiveness of either of the tools depends on the complexity of the situation. The current business environment is characterized by a fast state of change. Therefore the decision making process has to be speeded up. In this respect, even in the situation which calls for many issues to be taken into consideration, the individual decision maker can do the best job. However in the event that the management of the company can afford to spend time on considering all the relevant issues, then group dynamics create the best infrastructure in which to conduct the decision making process (http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/pdf/efop/efo38561.pdf). However when facilitating group dynamics, the management must ensure that the decision making process is not affected by the need to reach a consensus. In such a situation, the participants are afraid of creating a conflict and therefore all the relevant issues are not taken into consideration. References Schwartz, Andrew E. (1994, August). Group decision-making. The CPA Journal Online. Retrieved February 19, 2009 from http://www.nysscpa.org/cpajournal/old/ 15703015.htm. Barlow, Jeff. (2005, October). Strategic planning for the Bloomington, Indiana, fire department. Retrieved February 19, 2009 from http://www.usfa.dhs.gov/pdf/efop/ efo38561.pdf. Robbins, Stephen P., and DeCenzo, David. (2003). Fundamentals of Management. Prentice Hall. Â   How to cite The current business environment is characterized, Papers The current business environment is characterized Free Essays The current business environment is characterized by a considerable level of uncertainty and therefore businesses have to continuously reengineer their internal processes in order to build and maintain a sustainable competitive advantage. In this respect, the critical success factor is to build an organizational culture that is built to change. This is a critical consideration because, given the high level of uncertainty, the management in a business organization is no longer in a position to forecast future changes meaningfully. We will write a custom essay sample on The current business environment is characterized or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore the organizational structure must be flexible enough to absorb unexpected changes. The question that should be answered is how this flexibility can be built into the organizational structure. In this respect, it is the duty of the management to build the right performance management system. Through this system the management can communicate with the employees regarding which aspects of their work are vital to the strategic focus of the organization. The right performance management system is a critical consideration in terms of addressing issues related to employee motivation and empowerment. Capital One is empowering its employees through dissemination of information and by maximizing the surface area. This enables the employees to link their work to the strategic focus of the organization (cited in Zairi, 2005). The fact of the matter is that the management at all levels in Capital One is implementing strategic human resource management. In this manner it is addressing the issues of motivation and empowerment. According to the post-modern theory, business organizations need to maintain the continuous improvement process in order to build a sustainable competitive advantage (cited in Hill Jones, 2007). However the development of a sustainable competitive advantage depends on access to human capital. Capital One has devised its human resource management policies in order to develop human capital. Even through it is not directly addressing the issues of motivation and empowerment, its policies are designed to make these issues the top priorities on the management agenda. Job rotation is one of the examples. According to post-modernism, job descriptions are no longer effective because they create a static organizational structure and therefore do not equip the organization with the abilities to adapt to fast-paced change in the external environment (cited in Besterfield, 2002). According to the post-modern theory, employees have to be groomed to assume a wide variety of positions so that changing organizational structures will not be a problem for them. We see Capital One addressing this issue through creating leadership capabilities throughout the organization. The company’s recruitment and selection strategies are implemented accordingly. For example, during the recruitment process, the most important qualification for the candidate is considered to be his ability to lead a change effort. Because of carefully implemented recruitment and selection strategies, the company minimizes the costs associated with training and development (cited in Ross Perry, 2002). However the management does communicate with the employees in terms of the extent to which formal training and development programs can be arranged for the employees. A built-to-change organizational structure cannot be built without addressing the issues of motivation and empowerment. According to post-modernism, employees must be involved in the change management process (cited in Brigham Ehrhardt, 2007). This facilitates the process of addressing employee resistance to change. The management at Capital One addresses this issue through building an effective communications structure which facilitates the dissemination of mission-critical information. As mentioned before, this maximizes the level of surface area. Strategy implementation in this regard has been facilitated through the creation of a flat management structure which enables most employees to work in direct touch with the customers. This enables the employees to make the link between their work and the strategic focus of the company because working in direct touch with the customers means that the employees can see in which direction the organization should proceed in terms of customer relationship management (cited in Dess, 2007). Employee motivation and empowerment is the most critical factor in the post-modernist theory. This is because post-modernism as associated with a sustainable competitive advantage in business emphasizes employee motivation and empowerment. According to Michael Porter’s theory for strategy formulation, a business organization has three strategies at its disposal in building a competitive advantage: differentiation, cost minimization and quick response (cited in Baschab, 2005). However, according to the post-modernist theory none of these strategies will lead to the development of a sustainable competitive advantage because they can be easily copied by competitor organizations in a fast-changing external environment. Therefore, post-modernism in business focuses on the building of a strategically aligned organizational culture as the source of a sustainable competitive advantage. A strategically aligned organizational culture cannot be built without effectively addressing the issues of employee motivation and empowerment. Employees must be involved in the change management process. In this organizational structure, the issues of employee motivation and empowerment are addressed effectively because they are directly involved in building the strategic focus of the company. This is an example of what we see in Capital One. This is one of the few American companies to have been able to weather the current crisis because of its focus on the built-to-change organizational structure based in employee motivation and empowerment. The company is not consciously addressing these issues as such. However because of its strategies in recruitment, selection, job rotation and training and development, it has been able to involve the employees in the constant process of managing change. This has only maximized their productivity as employees are motivated to work for the company because they are empowered to act on behalf of the company. This has created an organizational structure based in motivation and empowerment which aligns employee interests to organizational interests. This is an example of post-modernism in business. References Baschab, John., et al. (2005). The Executive Guide to Information Technology. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Besterfield, Dale H., et al. (2002). Total Quality Management. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Brigham, Eugene F., and Michael C. Ehrhardt. (2007). Financial Management: Theory Practice. South western college pub. Dess, Gregory G., et al. (2007). Strategic Management: Creating Competitive Advantage. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Hill, Charles., and Gareth Jones. (2007). Strategic Management Theory: An Integrated Approach. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Ross, Joel E. and Susan Perry. (2002). Total Quality Management: Text, Cases, Readings. Wiley. Zairi, Mohamed. (2005). Excellence Toolkit: Delivering Sustainable Performance. eTQM College Publishing House. How to cite The current business environment is characterized, Papers The current business environment is characterized Free Essays The current business environment is characterized by intense competitive rivalry and businesses have to undertake aggressive marketing initiatives in order to counter this threat. The importance of marketing in ensuring that a business organization can develop and maintain a competitive edge is growing exponentially. Corporations are now pouring millions into their promotional campaigns in order to create an image for themselves in the customer mindset. We will write a custom essay sample on The current business environment is characterized or any similar topic only for you Order Now This trend of massive financial resources being thrown into marketing is particularly evident in the area of sports marketing. In this area, massive opportunities exist in terms of public relations events which have global reach. Thus any corporation that can have its logo associated with events like the Olympics which are broadcast throughout the world stand to gain substantially out of investing in the rights to have its logo associated with the event. This is called corporate sponsorship. However the benefits of corporate sponsorship have led to the rise of unethical marketing practices called ambush marketing. Ambush marketing is defined to have taken place when a marketer has its products associated with a sports event without having paid for any of the rights to association (cited in Ironside, 2007). Thus the ambush marketer enjoys all the benefits of being a legitimate corporate sponsor without paying a cent. The trend of ambush marketing has been growing steadily in the last few years as shown in figure 1. As shown in the figure, sports organizers have been experiencing massive revenue losses as result of the phenomenon of ambush marketing which keeps going strong despite efforts to counter the threat. The threat is particularly detrimental because the actual corporate sponsors have hardly anything to gain by seeking recourse to legal means because courts usually rule in favor of ambush marketers. This happens because ambush marketers never engage in any activities that could be defined as infringement of intellectual property rights (cited in Meenaghan, 1996). Ambush marketers operate through hints and allusions which do not qualify as infringement of rights in legal vernacular. As a result corporate sponsors have to devise pre-emptive strategies on their own and this adds to the cost of buying rights to the sponsorship (cited in Uphoff, 2006). The process of devising counter strategies requires an understanding of the ways and means by which ambush marketers take advantage of their opportunities. However there are so many ways and means in this regard that it is difficult to develop contingency plans for all of them. There are at least six recognized opportunities which ambushers take advantage of from time to time such as purchasing broadcasting rights to an event or broadcasting time around the time of the event broadcast, sponsoring an event other than the organizing body, purchasing advertising space, thematic advertising and counter attraction (cited in Crompton, 2004). What all of this means is that if the trend of ambush marketing is allowed to go on unmitigated, it will discourage corporate sponsors from sponsorship spending and major sports events will lose an important source of revenue. Therefore sports property owners have the duty of making ambush marketing difficult and expensive for the competitors of official corporate sponsors. References Aaker, David A. (2004). Strategic Market Management. McGraw Hill/Irwin. Crompton, John L. (2004). Sponsorship Ambushing in Sport. Managing Leisure, 9, 1-12. Ironside, Sue. (2007). Combating Ambush Marketing. NZ Marketing Magazine, 26, 26-27. Retrieved March 15, 2008 from Business Source Elite database. Kolah, Ardi. (2005). Essential Law for Marketers. Prentice Hall. Kotler, Philip., and Gary Armstrong. (2005). Principles of Marketing. Prentice Hall. Meenaghan, T. (1996). Ambush Marketing – A Threat to Corporate Sponsorship. Sloan Management Review, 38, 103-13. Retrieved March 15, 2008 from Business Source Elite database. Uphoff, Boris., et al. (2006). Kick-off to Ambush Marketing at World Cup. Managing Intellectual Property, 156, 91-92. Retrieved March 15, 2008 from Business Source How to cite The current business environment is characterized, Papers

Doing Ethics Technique Android Banking Trojans

Questions: 1. What is going on?2. What are the facts?3. What are the issues? 4. Who is affected?5. What are the ethical issues and their implications?6. What could have been done about it?7. What are the options?8. Which option is the best and why? Answers: 1. The incident, which is considered here, was reported by the news website (Cimpanu, 2016). The news article titled as Android Banking Trojans Based on GM Bot Infected over 200,000 Users in the Past 3 Months was published on 5th November. The incident describes the experience of people who installs GM Bot v1 affected application. GM Bot is one of the banking Trojan which is created in the year 2014, and was released in Russia by one of the hacking forums (Cimpanu, 2016). The GM Bot v1 source code is leaked in the year 2016 by one of the clients of Ganjaman, who was the developer of the malware. A person named crooks uses GM Bot by packing the malware inside an application, which is disguised as flash fake player for various android devices. This app is distributed among the people but outside the Google play store because Google always provide a warning to alert the users for uninstalling the app, which is not verified effectively (Park Roo, 2013). Many people install the affected GM Bot in their mobile phones. This application uses a persons email id as well as password for logging into the application, which leads to hacking of personal as well as financial information of the users. 2. GM Bot is packed inside an app by disguising it as fake flash player for the android users. The people download the infected app, which constantly pester the users for their personal details. The reason of asking for the personal detail is to have power for overlaying fake login screen on the top of the application, which generally asks for personal as well as financial details of the users including banking details and many more (Manjula Shanmugan, 2016). The popularity of GM Bot with an additional feature has targeted large number of banks around the world. 3. The issues that are related with the malware is that, crook have packed it inside an application by disguising it. Since the popularity of GM Bot is high in the market, crook disguised the malware inside a fake flash player for various android devices. This increased the popularity of the malware more among the people (Moon Park, 2016). It is not available in the Goggle, as it may not allow it users to have access on the unauthorized application. The users install the application inside their phones, which raises number of issues. The application asks the users to provide their details for logging inside the application. The main reason for logging is to overlay the fake login screen, which stores the data, and information related with the banks and other personal information of the users (Sethi, 2015). This raises number of issues. The hacking of financial details including the details of the bank has affected large number of people all around the world. It also targeted large n umber of banks across different countries. 4. The issue that arises due to the android banking Trojans based on GM Bot have affected more than 200,000 users all over the world in the past 3 months. The legitimate app, which is created by Crook, captures financial information of the users (Salman, Saad Ali, 2013). The issue not only affected the people but it also targeted large number of banks all around the world. 5. There are number of ethical issues that arise due to the situation. The most important ethical issue that arises is that one of the clients of Ganjamans released the source code of GM Bot online for free. Crooks took the advantage of the situation and packed the malware by disguising it inside the fake flash player (Roberts Allen, 2015). People install the application and use their personal information for logging inside the application, which leads to several other ethical issues. The users log in to the account by providing their personal as well as financial information including the bank details (Klein et al., 2015). The various data and information of the users are stored inside the application, which is used further for hacking their bank account. The situation not only targeted common people but it also targeted large number of banks all over the world. 6.The developers of different applications must implement strict rules and regulations so that unverified apps could not enter the market. The people must also need to be aware in order to avoid downloading application from unauthorized websites. 7. There are number of options, which can be used in order to minimize or avoid the situation that has happened in Australia. The people all over the world must be aware before downloading or installing any type of app. They must verify the app properly about its different feature before downloading. Some rules and regulation must be made so that the developers cannot launch the unverified app in the website. The people must check the warning messages that are provided before installation off the application. It is also important to be careful before providing all the personal as well as financial information for logging inside an application. If these steps are followed by every individual then the issue that have aroused in Australia can be minimized or avoided fully. 8. The best option is that people must check as well as verify the application before installing them. This is because it reduces the chances of ethical issue by 50 percent. If the people are aware then the problem that has aroused in Australia may not happen again. References Cimpanu, C. (2016).Android Banking Trojans Based on GM Bot Infected Over 200,000 Users in the Past 3 Months.BleepingComputer. Retrieved 30 November 2016, from https://www.bleepingcomputer.com/news/security/android-banking-trojans-based-on-gm-bot-infected-over-200-000-users-in-the-past-3-months/ Klein, E., Brown, T., Sample, M., Truitt, A.R. Goering, S. (2015). Engineering the Brain: Ethical Issues and the Introduction of Neural Devices.Hastings Center Report,45(6), pp.26-35. Manjula, R.P. Shanmugan, D.R. (2016). A Study on Customer Preference Towards Cyber Crime With Banking Industry.International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Modern Education,2, pp.597-603. Moon, S.H. Park, D.W. (2016). Forensic Analysis of MERS Smishing Hacking Attacks and Prevention.International Journal of Security and Its Applications,10(6), pp.181-192. Park, D. W., Roo, K. H. (2013). Analysis of Internet Banking Security Crack Through Messenger Hacking. InFuture Information Communication Technology and Applications(pp. 179-187). Springer Netherlands. Roberts, L.D. Allen, P.J. (2015). Exploring ethical issues associated with using online surveys in educational research.Educational Research and Evaluation,21(2), pp.95-108. Salman, A., Saad, S. Ali, M.N.S. (2013). Dealing with Ethical Issues among Internet Users: Do We Need Legal Enforcement?.Asian Social Science,9(8), p.3. Sethi, R. (2015). Analysis of Security Algorithms used in E-Commerce and ATM Transactions.Analysis,11(08), pp.19-24.